The African Principles ask for digital MRV by name.
AUDA-NEPAD, holding a mandate from the AU Assembly, has set the African Principles for Integrity & Equity on Carbon Markets as Africa’s Gold Standard, embedded in the African Aspiration and Action Plan on Carbon Markets. Six equal pillars, each necessary for carbon markets to deliver climate and development outcomes together.
Under the Clean Development Mechanism, fewer than 3% of registered projects originated in Africa, with limited local ownership or community benefit. The Principles exist so that the next expansion is not a repeat of that one.
“Suppliers are encouraged to explore and adopt digital MRV (dMRV) solutions to improve traceability, data integrity, and auditability. The dMRV tools should use interoperable, open standards where possible, protect data privacy, and enable independent verification and secure data sharing with buyers and regulators.”
African Principles for Integrity & Equity on Carbon Markets · AUDA-NEPADInteroperable open standards: the HydroRE extension set is merged into the IWA / GBBC Token Taxonomy Framework. Independent verification: any public mirror node, no account required. Secure sharing with buyers and regulators: they read the same records, at the same time, from infrastructure neither party owns.
Every credit declares its pathway: authorised compliance transfer under Article 6.2 or 6.4, voluntary use, or CORSIA.
What the protocol contributesPathway and compliance fields are written into the passport at issuance, so the use case is a property of the record rather than a claim made at the point of sale.
Article 6.2 · 6.4 · CORSIARecognised methodologies, transparent and independently verified MRV, demonstrated additionality, conservative baselines.
What the protocol contributesThis is the pillar the protocol was built for. Signed at the meter, physics-gated before signature, written to an open ledger in about two seconds. Additionality and baseline setting remain methodology work, not protocol work.
dMRV named in clause (a)Public disclosure of credit type, authorisation and adjustment status, quantity, period and claim. Contribution must not be dressed as neutrality.
What the protocol contributesIssuance, transfer and retirement are public, timestamped acts rather than database updates, so a claim can be checked against the ledger. What a buyer discloses about its own mitigation strategy remains the buyer’s obligation.
Lifecycle recorded on-chainReal, additional and durable outcomes, protected from double issuance, double use and double claiming.
What the protocol contributesEach unit consumes a unique, non-reusable span of sequence numbers. The same evidence cannot mint twice, and the span is public, so double issuance is detectable by anyone rather than by an auditor. Permanence buffers remain methodology.
One evidence span per unitFPIC as an ongoing process, transparent benefit-sharing with traceable distributions, accessible grievance mechanisms, lifecycle monitoring publicly reported.
What the protocol contributesThe benefit-sharing split is carried on the issuance record, in public, at the moment of issue. Consent renewals, grievance events and community distributions are recordable as first-class event types on the same ledger as the tonnes.
governance.split on every passportPricing that reflects environmental quality, permanence and social co-benefits, with contracting that avoids race-to-the-bottom outcomes.
What the protocol contributesQuality that can be checked can be priced. When provenance is self-evidencing, a premium is defensible to the buyer’s own auditor instead of resting on the seller’s reputation.
Price discovery on evidenceAdopt the Principles across origination, purchasing, registry operations and financing. Invest in African systems, institutions and platforms that enable them. Support capacity-building, MRV tools and institutional readiness at national and local levels. Commit to transparency, robust governance and equitable benefit-sharing.
Vrè Parfé is offered as one of those platforms: an open protocol a state can own and operate, rather than a service it rents.
The measurement does not produce evidence. The measurement is the evidence. Everything downstream (registry, exchange, retirement) inherits that fact instead of re-asserting it.
Fourteen million tonnes, issued and unwanted.
Africa issued roughly 46 million credits in 2025. Roughly 32 million were retired. The gap is not a supply problem. It is a trust problem. Buyers will not retire credits they cannot verify back to physical reality, and no amount of better auditing, stronger registries, or clearer policy fixes a defect that occurs before any institution sees the data.
The continent plans to issue 300 million credits by 2030. At that volume the trust gap stops being an inefficiency and becomes the binding constraint on Africa’s sustainable finance era.
See what the gap costs →Gold Standard
ART
Five layers, one unbreakable guarantee.
If the physics does not allow it, the asset cannot exist. Every layer below inherits that rule rather than re-checking it.
Industrial sensors measure and sign in real time. A 1 MW plant reporting 2 MW is rejected before it enters the chain.
Truth at sourceLicensees, gateways and sensors move through ONBOARDING → ACTIVE → SUSPENDED → TERMINATED. Anything not traceable to an ACTIVE entity is blocked.
Integrity engineOperated by the state or the IPP. Reads the live HCS stream, accumulates energy and carbon, executes issuance logic.
Sovereign layerAn open-source ledger of proof, not declaration. Birth → on market → burned, with full provenance readable by any auditor.
Truth-based recordKYC-gated market on verified evidence. Settlement on-chain, disputes resolved by sequence number rather than correspondence.
Price discoveryThe Digital Passport.
Not a certificate. A mathematical proof of a physical event, verifiable by any party, at any time, without depending on the issuer. The fields below are the real structure of a live record. Select one to see what it carries.
Open the latest live passport →{{ detailBody }}
{{ detailNote }}What the protocol looks like in operation.
The registry belongs to the nation that runs it.
Vrè Parfé is an open protocol, not a managed service. MRV data does not live on a vendor’s platform or a foreign server. It lives on a public, distributed ledger, permanently, readable by any regulator or registry in the world. Data sovereignty stops being a policy aspiration and becomes a structural fact.
Africa has leapfrogged before. M-Pesa did not improve the bank branch; it made the branch unnecessary. The developed world spent decades building institutional MRV. A protocol where physics replaces the audit chain means that decade does not have to be repeated, and the jurisdictions that adopt it first are not improving their carbon market, they are defining the asset class.
For sovereigns, registries & financiers →The national registry built on Vrè Parfé is owned by the nation.
Dependency on external certification bodies is removed from the issuance path.
The data, the infrastructure and the market value remain within the jurisdiction.
HydroRE extensions are merged into the IWA / GBBC Token Taxonomy Framework as a dMRV contribution.
“The energy was real. The challenge was proving it.”
Vrè Parfé was born from a working renewable asset: the Tesla Cascading Hydro Power Station on the River Tamarin in Mauritius. Building the MRV for one small hydro scheme exposed the deeper defect. Every existing route to proof required somebody to be believed. The protocol that followed removes that requirement, and the same architecture now extends across an island nation’s 2.3 million km² of ocean and outward to the continent.